Comprehensive Plan for the Construction of Rural Integrated Water Purification Equipment (Suitable for Centralized Water Supply/Distributed Water Supply in Villages and Towns) Rural integrated water purification equipment is the core equipment for solving rural drinking water safety. Its core characteristics are integration, miniaturization, automation, and easy maintenance. It integrates water purification processes such as coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection into the integrated equipment, adapting to the complex water quality, flexible water supply scale, weak operation and maintenance capabilities, and limited construction costs of rural water sources (well water, river water, reservoir water, mountain spring water). The construction core revolves around four core links: water source adaptation, process selection, equipment landing, and operation and maintenance guarantee, taking into account water quality standards (GB 5749-2022 "Sanitary Standards for Drinking Water), cost-effectiveness, and sustainable operation. The following is a full process construction plan covering pre construction planning, core process and equipment selection, on-site construction, operation and maintenance management, cost estimation, and case adaptation, covering two mainstream scenarios: centralized water supply in villages and towns (hundreds to tens of thousands of people) and decentralized water supply in natural villages (tens to hundreds of people). 1、 Core planning in the early stage of construction: first determine the requirements, then select the plan Pre planning is the key to avoiding equipment being unsuitable for local conditions. It is necessary to clarify the five core elements of water source type, water supply scale, water quality issues, water supply mode, and operation and maintenance capabilities, and form a customized construction basis. 2. Matching the scale of water supply with equipment specifications Calculated based on a per capita daily water consumption of 100L (rural domestic water standard), reserve 20% to 30% of peak water usage surplus and quickly match equipment processing capacity: Micro: ≤ 50 people, processing capacity of 0.5~5m ³/h (decentralized, such as cabinet/pry mounted equipment) Small scale: 50~500 people, processing capacity of 5~20m ³/h (single village integrated equipment, equipped with small clean water tank) Medium size: 500~2000 people, processing capacity of 20~50m ³/h (village centralized water supply station, equipped with standardized pump room and clean water tank) Large scale: ≥ 2000 people, processing capacity of 50m ³/h or more (township water supply plant, multiple integrated equipment connected in parallel, equipped with complete water purification process) 3. Construction principles Water source adaptation: Groundwater/mountain spring water focuses on filtration, disinfection, and special removal (iron, manganese, and fluoride), while surface water focuses on flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection; Simple operation and maintenance: prioritize equipment with high automation, easy operation, and easy procurement of consumables to avoid complex and precise instruments; Economic practicality: Do not blindly pursue high-end craftsmanship, take "water quality standards" as the core, and control construction and operation costs; Tailored to local conditions: Consider rural sites (terrain, area), climate (winter antifreeze, summer sun protection), and electricity (solar assisted in areas without electricity). 2、 Core process and equipment selection: Determine the process according to water quality and select equipment according to scale The core of rural integrated water purification equipment is process integration, and all equipment is based on the combination of "basic process+special process". The basic process ensures that the conventional water quality meets the standard, while the special process solves regional water quality problems. The equipment types are divided into pry mounted, cabinet type, container type, and concrete integrated type, suitable for different scenarios. 1. Mainstream basic water purification technology (mandatory, suitable for all water sources) The core solution is to solve conventional problems such as turbidity, microorganisms, suspended solids, etc., and meet the basic indicators of GB 5749-2022. It is divided into two categories: surface water technology and groundwater/mountain spring water technology, both of which are integrated into integrated equipment: (1) Specialized basic technology for surface water (river/reservoir/pond water) Raw water → grid filtration → booster pump → integrated flocculation and sedimentation → filtration → disinfection → clean water tank → pipe network water supply Core integrated unit: integrated flocculation sedimentation tank (horizontal/inclined tube/cyclone sedimentation, integrated mixing, flocculation, sedimentation)+filtration unit (sand filtration/activated carbon filtration/ultrafiltration)+disinfection unit (sodium hypochlorite/chlorine dioxide); Key function: Remove high turbidity and suspended solids from surface water, kill microorganisms, and ensure turbidity ≤ 1NTU, meeting microbial standards. (2) Special basic technology for groundwater/mountain spring water (deep well/mountain spring) Raw water → deep well pump → filtration unit → disinfection → clean water tank → pipe network water supply Core integrated unit: filtration unit (multi-media filtration/precision filtration/ultrafiltration)+disinfection unit; Key function: Remove a small amount of suspended solids from groundwater, kill bacteria in well water, and ensure that residual chlorine meets the standard (above 0.05mg/L in peripheral water).
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