The porous suspension ball filler is a free-flowing biological carrier designed and manufactured by our company for biofilm-based wastewater treatment processes. This product features hollow spheres with a grid-like internal structure, engineered to provide stable protective spaces and extensive specific surface area for microbial attachment and growth through free fluidization in water. It facilitates the creation of efficient and stable biological treatment environments, particularly suitable for processes requiring carrier circulation such as fluidized beds and moving beds.
- Structure and Working Principle
- Core structural composition
The filler is a unitized, freely movable spherical structure, with the core design including:
- Spherical shell: A perforated hollow sphere molded from polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE). The shell provides fundamental structural support and internal biofilm protection.
- Internal grid: The interior of the sphere is typically designed with ribs, grids, or honeycomb-like interlaced supports, which divide the internal space into multiple interconnected chambers, forming a vast internal surface. The grid structure serves as the primary attachment site for microorganisms.
- Surface perforations: The sphere's surface is uniformly perforated with windows or slotted holes, designed to allow water, air, and nutrients to flow freely in and out of the sphere, facilitating material exchange.
- Working Principle
The filler is added to the aeration tank or special reactor in a certain proportion.
- Fluidization and Mass Transfer: Under the hydraulic impulsion generated by aeration or mechanical agitation, the packing material in the reactor is in a fluidized suspension state with random motion. This motion ensures thorough and frequent contact between the inner and outer surfaces of the packing material and the wastewater, thereby enhancing the mass transfer process.
- Biofilm formation and growth: Microorganisms adhere to the internal grid surface of the sphere and form a biofilm. The internal space provides a relatively stable growth environment and physical protection for the biofilm, reducing excessive erosion by external hydraulic shear forces.
- Biofilm renewal: Moderate collision and friction facilitate the natural shedding of aged biofilms, promote biofilm renewal, and maintain high biological activity.
- Core technical features
- Fluidized operation with high mass transfer efficiency: The free movement of the packing material ensures thorough mixing with wastewater, reducing the thickness of the mass transfer boundary layer and facilitating efficient diffusion and transfer of oxygen and pollutants.
- Protective internal space with high biomass: The "microenvironment" formed by internal grids provides a protective effect for biofilms, enabling stable enrichment of microbial communities (particularly slow-growing nitrifying bacteria) and allowing the system to maintain high biomass.
- No clogging and no fixed installation required: The spherical structure eliminates the risk of entanglement, and the internal channels are less prone to complete blockage. The packing material moves freely within the pool, eliminating the need for complex supports or fixed installations, simplifying construction and enhancing the adaptability of the pool design.
- Easy operation and maintenance: The system can be started directly with the packing. No special maintenance is required during daily operation, and the packing can be easily replenished if worn or lost.
- Strong ability to withstand impact load: The huge biomass and good mass transfer conditions in the system make it relatively strong to cope with the fluctuation of water quality and quantity.
- Main technical parameters
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Parameter item
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Description / Reference range example
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spherical diameter
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Common specifications: Φ80mm, Φ100mm, Φ150mm
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internal grid structure
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Different internal configurations such as pill-shaped, composite, fiber ball, and sponge affect the specific surface area and hydraulic characteristics.
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specific theoretical surface area
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Due to significant differences in internal structure, the common range is 380 – 800 m²/m³
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pore volume
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Generally high, common range> 90%
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material quality
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Polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), or copolymers, typically with added anti-aging agents
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Stack count
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Example: Φ100mm, approximately 1000 pieces per cubic meter
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filling rate
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The volume ratio of the reactor packing, as per process design, typically ranges from 20% to 70%.
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- Typical Application Fields
This filler is primarily used in advanced biological treatment processes where the carrier must maintain a circulating flow state:
- Municipal wastewater treatment: The mobile bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and fluidized bed reactor in domestic sewage treatment plants can be used for new construction or as an efficiency enhancement and capacity expansion retrofit for existing activated sludge systems.
- Industrial wastewater treatment: nitrification of high-concentration organic wastewater and ammonia nitrogen wastewater from industries such as food, chemical, and pharmaceutical.
- Micro-pollution water treatment: purification projects for water bodies such as rivers and lakes, as well as advanced treatment of reclaimed water and rainwater.
- Aquaculture water treatment: As the core biological medium of biofilter in recirculating aquaculture systems.
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